Fig. 2

Production of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines by 4 h incubation of dHL-60 ± MSU for calculation of EIS. (A) Dose-responsive effects of MSU (10–400 µg/mL) on dHL-60 cell production of pro-inflammatory (IL-8 and TNF-α) and anti-inflammatory (IL-1RA) cytokine in 4 h incubation. (B) The EIS was calculated as the ratio of pro-inflammatory (IL-8 + TNF-α) and anti-inflammatory (IL-1RA) cytokines after incubation with MSU (200 µg/mL) or medium. The EIS reached 11.6 (acute inflammation) in 4 h incubation. Data are shown as mean ± SEM of five experiments. **p < 0.01 by Mann-Whitney U test